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95.173.128.202 [Словарик Джастина Гордона Холта - основателя "Stereophile"]
+++ 9diff:termin [2020/12/15 09:54] (текущий)
95.173.128.202 [Словарик Джастина Гордона Холта - основателя "Stereophile"]
@@ Строка 354: / Строка 354: @@
 **extreme highs** The range of audible frequencies above 10kHz.
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 ++++ F-H |
 https://www.stereophile.com/content/sounds-audio-glossary-glossary-f-h\\
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 ++++ I-M |
-[[https://www.stereophile.com/content/sounds-audio-glossary-glossary-i-m\\
+https://www.stereophile.com/content/sounds-audio-glossary-glossary-i-m\\
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 **I**\\
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 **involvement** The degree to which a reproduction draws the listener in to the musical performance and evokes an emotional response to it.
+\\
 \\
 **J**\\
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 **judgment** A listener's assessment of how well his perception of a sonic element measures up to his concept of perfection. The basic choices are "good," "not good," or "undecided."
+\\
 \\
 **L**\\
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 **lush** Rich-sounding and sumptuous to the point of wretched excess.
+\\
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 **M**\\
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 **meter man** A person who believes that measurements tell all you need to know about a component's performance. An auronihilist. Compare "mystic," "subjectivist."
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 ++++
+++++ N-Q |
+https://www.stereophile.com/content/sounds-audio-glossary-glossary-n-q\\
+\\
+**N**\\
+\\
+**nasal** Reproduced sound having the quality of a person speaking with his/her nose blocked. Like the vowel "eh" coloration. In a loudspeaker, often due to a measured peak in the upper midrange followed by a complementary dip.
+**naturalness** Realism.
+near field Pertains to that range of listening distances in which the sounds reaching the ears are predominantly direct. See "far field," "critical distance."
+**neutral** Free from coloration.
+**noise** Any spurious background sounds, usually of a random or indeterminate pitch: hiss, crackles, ticks, pops, whooshes.
+**Noticeable** In aural perception, any sonic quality which is clearly audible to most people.
+\\
+\\
+**O**\\
+\\
+**objectivist** A meter man. Compare "subjectivist."
+**observation** The perceived attribute of a sonic element, on which a personal judgment about its quality is based. Observations are described by subjective terms such as "smooth," "woolly," or "spacious."
+obvious You'd have to be deaf not to hear it. See "audibility."
+**"oh"** (as in "toe") A vowel coloration caused by a broad frequency-response peak centered around 250Hz.
+**one-note bass** The exaggeration of a single bass note, due to a sharp LF peak, normally due to an underdamped woofer but also caused by room resonances.
+**"oo"** (as in "gloom") A vowel coloration caused by a broad frequency-response peak centered around 120Hz.
+**opaque** Lacking detail and transparency.
+**open** Exhibiting qualities of delicacy, air, and fine detail. Giving an impression of having no upper-frequency limit.
+**out-of-phase** In a two-channel system, one channel being in opposite polarity to the second, most commonly due to having one speaker hooked up with the red (positive) lead to the red (positive) terminal, the other with the red lead to the black (negative terminal). As well as a "phasey" sound, the result will be a reduction in low frequencies. See "phasey." Not to be confused with an inversion of Absolute Phase or Polarity.
+**overblown** Bloated. Excessively fat and rich.
+**overdamped** Pertaining to the audible effects of excessive woofer damping.
+\\
+\\
+**P**\\
+\\
+**pace** The apparent tempo of a musical performance, which can be different from its actual beats-per-minute tempo. Pace is affected by phrasing in performance and speed in reproduction.
+**palpable** Describes reproduction that is so realistic you feel you could reach out and touch the instruments or singers.
+perceptible At or above the threshold of audibility of a trained listener.
+**perspective** The soundstage depth information that is conveyed by layering.
+**phantom image** The re-creation by a stereo system of an apparent sound source at a location other than that of either loudspeaker.
+**phasey** A quality of reproduced sound which creates a sensation of pressure in the ears, unrelated to the intensity of the sound. Phasiness is experienced by many people when listening to two loudspeakers which are connected out of phase with each other.
+**phasing** See "comb filtering."
+**picket-fencing** (Also called vertical-venetian-blind effect.) A tendency for stereo channel balance to vacillate from left to right as the listener moves laterally with respect to the loudspeakers.
+**pinched** 1) Very cold, with a "nyeah" coloration. 2) Pertaining to soundstaging: Laterally compressed and lacking in spaciousness.
+**pinpoint** imaging Stereo imaging that is precise, stable, and focused.
+**pitch resolution** The clarity with which the pitch of (generally) bass notes is perceived. Poor pitch resolution makes all notes sound similar; good pitch resolution gives an impression that you "can almost count the cycles."
+**plastery** A hard-sounding reverberation having an "a" (as in "cat") coloration, characteristic of bare, plaster-walled rooms. Compare "fluttery," "slap."
+**plummy** (British) Fat, rich, lush-sounding.
+**polite** Laid-back.
+**pop** A midrange pulse characterized by a very sharp attack followed by a short "o" or "aw" vowel sound. Usually the result of a severe LP blemish.
+**power range** The frequency range about 200-500Hz that affects the reproduction of the power instruments of an orchestra---the brass instruments.
+**precedence effect** The tendency for the ears to identify the source of a sound as being in the direction from which it is first heard. See "direct sound."
+**presence** A quality of realism and aliveness.
+**presence range** The lower-treble part of the audio spectrum, approximately 1-3kHz, which contributes to presence in reproduced sound.
+**pristine** Very clean-sounding, very transparent.
+**pumping** 1) The exaggeration of abrupt signal-amplitude changes, often due to the malfunctioning of a companding (compressing/expanding) noise-reduction system. 2) Audible fluctuations of background noise in the playback phase of compansion. 3) Large, spurious subsonic motions of a woofer cone, usually due to analog-disc warps or marginal LF stability in the power amplifier.
+\\
+\\
+**Q**\\
+\\
+**qualifier** An adjective which the listener attaches to an observed sonic imperfection (such as "peaky" or "muddy") in order to convey a sense of its magnitude. "Subtle" and "conspicuous" are qualifying adjectives. See "audibility."
+quality The degree to which the reproduction of sound is judged to approach the goal of perfection.
+**quick** See "fast."
+++++
+++++ R-S |
+https://www.stereophile.com/content/sounds-audio-glossary-glossary-r-s\\
+R
+reaction A counterforce imparted to a speaker enclosure in response to the air resistance to the motion of a moving diaphragm or cone. On a thick carpet, a reacting enclosure will rock slightly back and forth, impairing LF quality and overall detail. See "spike."
+realism A subjective assessment of the degree to which the sound from an audio system approaches that of live music. This has meaning only when the recording purports to reproduce an acoustical event taking place in a real acoustical space. See "quality."
+recessed Very laid-back.
+reflected sound A sound which reaches the ears after being reflected from at least one boundary surface. See "critical distance," "far field," "near field," "precedence effect." Compare "direct sound."
+resolution See "definition."
+reticent Moderately laid-back. Describes the sound of a system whose frequency response is dished-down through the midrange. The opposite of forward.
+revealing Pertaining to a loudspeaker or a system as a whole: Outstandingly detailed and focused; analytical. Compare "pristine."
+reverberation A diminishing series of echoes spaced sufficiently closely in time that they merge into a smooth decay.
+rhythm See "timing."
+ringing The audible effect of a resonance: coloration, smear, shrillness, or boominess.
+rolloff (also rollout) A frequency response which falls gradually above or below a certain frequency limit. By comparison, the term cutoff (often abbreviated to "cut," as in "bass cut") implies an abrupt loss of level above or below the frequency limit.
+rosinous (or resinous) Describes the "zizzy" quality of bowed strings, particularly of cellos or violas.
+rotated The sound of a frequency response that is linear but tilted. See "tilt."
+rough A quality of moderate grittiness, often caused by LP mistracking.
+rounding, rounding-off The shearing-off of sharp attack transients, due to poor transient response or restricted HF range. See "slow," "speed."
+row-A sound Sound which is up-front, forward.
+row-M sound Sound which is laid-back, distant.
+rumble An extraneous low-frequency noise, often of indeterminate pitch, caused by physical vibration of a turntable or of the room in which a recording was made.
+S
+scrape flutter Roughness and veiling of analog tape sound due to discontinuous movement of the tape across the head ("violining").
+screechy The ultimate stridency, akin to chalk on a blackboard or a razor blade being scraped across a windowpane.
+seamless Having no perceptible discontinuities throughout the audio range.
+seismic Describes bass reproduction which creates an impression that the floor is shaking.
+severe Very annoyingly audible. See "audibility."
+sheen A rich-sounding overlay of velvety-smooth airiness or guttiness. A quality of outstanding HF smoothness and ease.
+shift See "soundstage shift."
+shrill Strident, steely.
+sibilance A coloration that resembles or exaggerates the vocal s-sound.
+silky Pertains to treble performance that is velvety-smooth, delicate, and open.
+silvery Sound that is slightly hard or steely, but clean.
+single-mono Sound reproduction through a single loudspeaker system. Compare "dual mono."
+size See "width."
+sizzly Emphasis of the frequency range above about 8kHz, which adds sibilance to all sounds, particularly those of cymbals and vocal esses (sibilants).
+slam British for impact.
+slap In an acoustical space, a repeated echo recurring at a rate of about 3 per second, common to moderate-sized, bare-walled acoustical spaces. See "hand-clap test." Compare "fluttery," "plastery."
+slight Easily audible on a good system but not necessarily on a lesser one. See "audibility."
+slow Sound reproduction which gives the impression that the system is lagging behind the electrical signals being fed to it. See "fast," "speed," "tracking."
+sluggish Very slow.
+smearing Severe lack of detail and focus.
+smooth Sound reproduction having no irritating qualities; free from HF peaks, easy and relaxing to listen to. Effortless. Not necessarily a positive system attribute if accompanied by a slow, uninvolving character.
+snap A quality of sound reproduction giving an impression of great speed and detail.
+sock A quality of sound reproduction giving a sensation of concussive impact.
+soft Very closed-in, markedly deficient at the extreme high end.
+sodden, soggy Describes bass that is loose and ill-defined. Woolly.
+solid-state sound That combination of sonic attributes common to most solid-state amplifying devices: deep, tight bass, a slightly withdrawn brightness range, and crisply detailed highs.
+sonic detail See "detail."
+soundstaging, soundstage presentation The accuracy with which a reproducing system conveys audible information about the size, shape, and acoustical characteristics of the original recording space and the placement of the performers within it.
+soundstage shift Apparent lateral movement of the soundstage when listening from either side of the sweet spot.
+spacious Presenting a broad panorama of ambience, which may be wider than the distance between the loudspeakers.
+sparse Less cold than "pinched" but more than "thin."
+spatiality The quality of spaciousness.
+specific, specificity The degree to which a phantom image exhibits a definite and unambiguous lateral position, without wander or excessive width.
+speed The apparent rapidity with which a reproducing system responds to steep wavefronts and overall musical pace. See "fast," "slow."
+spike 1) The "tick" sound of a pulse. 2) A sharp-tipped, conical supporting foot which allows the weight of a loudspeaker to be passed through carpeting to rest firmly on the underlying floor. Used to minimize speaker-enclosure reaction.
+spiky Pertains to a coarse texturing of sound characterized by the presence of many rapidly recurring sharp clicks. Like the sound of tearing cloth, only crisper.
+spitty An edgy "ts" coloration which exaggerates musical overtones and sibilants as well as LP surface noise. Usually the result of a sharp response peak in the upper treble range.
+spread See "stereo spread."
+state-of-the-art Pertains to equipment whose performance is as good as the technology allows. The best sound equipment money can buy.
+steely Shrill. Like "hard," but more so.
+stentorian A quality of great power and authority from a loudspeaker; like the voice of God. Loud and attention-getting.
+stereo imaging The production of stable, specific phantom images of correct localization and width. See "soundstaging," "vagueness," "wander."
+Stereophile 1) The original magazine of subjective reviewing. 2) An audiophile who owns a stereo system.
+stereophonic A two-channel recording or reproducing system. Compare "binaural," "monophonic." See "dual mono," "single mono."
+stereo spread The apparent width of the soundstage and the placement of phantom images within it. Generally, a group of instruments or voices should uniformly occupy the space between the loudspeakers. Compare "beyond-the-speakers imaging," "bunching," "hole-in-the-middle."
+stereo stage The area between and behind the loudspeakers, from which most phantom images are heard.
+sterile Pristinely clean but uninvolving.
+strained Showing signs of audible distress during loud passages, as though the system is verging on overload. Compare "ease," "effortless."
+strident Unpleasantly shrill, piercing.
+sub-bass Infrasonic bass.
+subjectivist A person who has found that measurements don't tell the whole story about reproduced sound. Compare "mystic," "meter man," "objectivist."
+subliminal Too faint or too subtle to be consciously perceived. Compare "inaudible." See "listening fatigue."
+subsonic Slower than the speed of sound through air. Often used incorrectly to mean infrasonic.
+subtle Barely perceptible on a very good system. See "audibility."
+suckout A deep, narrow frequency-response dip.
+supersonic Faster than the speed of sound through air. Sometimes used incorrectly to mean ultrasonic.
+sweet Having a smooth, softly delicate high end.
+sweet spot That listening seat from which the best soundstage presentation is heard. Usually a center seat equidistant from the loudspeakers.
+syrupy Excessively sweet and rich, like maple syrup.
+++++
+++++ T-U |
+https://www.stereophile.com/content/sounds-audio-glossary-glossary-t-u\\
+T
+tail The reverberant decay of a sound in an acoustical space.
+taut In bass reproduction, under tight control of the electrical signal; detailed and free from "hangover."
+tempo The actual number of beats per minute in a musical performance. Compare "pace."
+texture, texturing A perceptible pattern or structure in reproduced sound, even if random in nature. Texturing gives the impression that the energy continuum of the sound is composed of discrete particles, like the grain of a photograph.
+thick Describes sodden or heavy bass.
+thin Very deficient in bass. The result of severe attenuation of the range below 500Hz.
+tick A high-pitched pulse characterized by a very sharp attack followed by a short "i" vowel sound. The most common background noise from analog discs.
+tight 1) Bass reproduction that is well controlled, free from hangover, not slow. 2) Stereo imaging that is specific, stable, and of the correct width. 3) Describes a closely bunched image in A+B double-mono mode that occupies a very narrow space between the loudspeakers.
+tilt 1) To aim the axis of a loudspeaker upward or downward. 2) Across-the-board rotation of an otherwise flat frequency response, so that the device's output increases or decreases at a uniform rate with increasing frequency. A linear frequency-response curve that is not horizontal.
+timbre The recognizable characteristic sound "signature" of a musical instrument, by which it is possible to tell an oboe, for example, from a flute when both are sounding the same note.
+timing The apparent instrumental ensemble (synchronism) of a performance, which is affected by system speed. See "articulation," "rhythm," "pace."
+tipped-up Having a rising high-frequency response.
+tizzy A "zz" or "ff" coloration of the sound of cymbals and vocal sibilants, caused by a rising frequency response above 10kHz. Similar to "wiry," but at a higher frequency.
+tonality In music, the quality of an instrument's tone, often related to the key in which the music is written. In audio, mistakenly used in place of "tonal quality."
+tonal quality The accuracy (correctness) with which reproduced sound replicates the timbres of the original instruments. Compare "tonality."
+top The high treble, the range of audio frequencies above about 8kHz.
+toppish Tipped-up. Slightly "tizzy" or "zippy."
+tracking The degree to which a component responds to the dictates of the audio signal, without lag or overshoot.
+transient See "attack transient."
+transistor sound, transistory See "solid-state sound."
+transparency, transparent 1) A quality of sound reproduction that gives the impression of listening through the system to the original sounds, rather than to a pair of loudspeakers. 2) Freedom from veiling, texturing, or any other quality which tends to obscure the signal. A quality of crystalline clarity.
+treacly British for syrupy.
+treble The frequency range above 1.3kHz.
+tubby Having an exaggerated deep-bass range.
+tube sound, tubey That combination of audible qualities which typifies components that use tubes for amplification: Richness and warmth, an excess of midbass, a deficiency of deep bass, outstanding rendition of depth, forward and bright, with a softly sweet high end.
+turgid Thick.
+tweak 1) To fine-tune a system or component to the nth degree in pursuit of perfection. 2) A person who constantly does this in an ultimately vain effort to achieve absolute perfection.
+U
+ultrasonic Beyond the upper-frequency limit of human hearing. Compare "supersonic."
+uncolored Free from audible colorations.
+unctuous Overripe, super-rich, pleas~antly blah.
+underdamped Pertains to the audible effects of inadequate woofer damping. See "damping."
+uninvolving Ho-hum sound. Reproduction which evokes boredom and indifference.
+upper bass The range of frequencies from 80-160Hz.
+upper highs, upper treble The range of frequencies from 10-20kHz.
+upper middles, upper midrange The range of frequencies from 650-1300Hz.
+usable response The frequency limits between which a device sounds as if it is essentially linear, regardless of how it measures.
+++++
+++++ V-Z |
+https://www.stereophile.com/content/sounds-audio-glossary-glossary-v-z\\
+V
+vague, vagueness Having poor specificity, confused.
+veiled, veiling Pertaining to a deficiency of detail and focus, due to moderate amounts of distortion, treble-range restriction, or attack rounding.
+velvet fog (as in "listening through a...") Describes a galloping case of haze, wherein virtually all detail and focus are absent.
+vertical-venetian-blind effect See "picket-fencing."
+violining See "scrape flutter."
+visceral Producing a bodily sensation of pressure or concussion.
+vowel coloration A form of midrange or low-treble coloration which impresses upon all program material a tonal "flavor" re~sembling a vowel in speech.
+W
+wander Side-to-side vacillation of the apparent position of a stereo image as the instrument plays different notes. Poor imaging stability.
+warm The same as dark, but less tilted. A certain amount of warmth is a normal part of musical sound.
+weight 1) The feeling of solidity and foundation contributed to music by extended, natural bass reproduction. 2) The emphasis assigned to a subjective term by a qualifier.
+width The apparent lateral spread of a stereo image. If appropriately miked when recorded, a reproduced instrument should sound no wider or narrower than it would have sounded originally. See "stereo spread."
+wiry Having an edgy or distorted high end, similar to the "tish" of brushed cymbals, but coloring all sounds reproduced by the system.
+withdrawn Very laid-back.
+woolly Pertains to loose, ill-defined bass.
+Z
+zippy A slight top-octave emphasis. See "toppy."
+++++
-[[https://www.stereophile.com/content/sounds-audio-glossary-glossary-n-q|N-Q]]\\
-[[https://www.stereophile.com/content/sounds-audio-glossary-glossary-r-s|R-S]]\\
-[[https://www.stereophile.com/content/sounds-audio-glossary-glossary-t-u|T-U]]\\
-[[https://www.stereophile.com/content/sounds-audio-glossary-glossary-v-z|V-Z]]\\
 **"Обратный" словарик** - технический термин и его субъективное описание

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